The various properties of the geometric figures like straight lines, curves, parabolas, ellipse, hyperbola, circles, and so on can be studied using coordinate geometry. In the example below, point A is defined as (4,3) and Point B is defined as (-3,1). Identifying and plotting points will be a building block of visualizing the geometric objects on the coordinate plane. The coordinate axes divide the plane into four quadrants. Various concepts centered around symmetry, transformations in shapes, construction of shapes are the formative chapters in geometry.Īnalytical geometry is popularly known as coordinate geometry is a branch of geometry where the position of any given point on a plane is defined with the help of an ordered pair of numbers, or coordinates using the rectangular Cartesian coordinate system. It is defined as the set of all points in a plane that are equidistant from a given point called the center of the circle. A circle is a closed figure and has no edges or corners. Quadrilaterals are polygons with four sides and four vertices. These help us recognize the angle-side relationships in triangles. In geometry, the most significant theorems based on triangles include Heron's formula, The exterior angle theorem, the angle sum property, the basic proportionality theorem, the similarity and Congruence in Triangles, the Pythagoras Theorem, and so on. There are many theorems based on the triangles that help us understand the properties of triangles. A triangle is a closed figure with three sides and three vertices. Polygons are closed curves that are made up of more than two lines. The plane geometric shapes are two-dimensional shapes or flat shapes. The properties of plane shapes help us identify and classify them. Transversals and related angles establish the interesting properties of parallel lines and their theorems. The study of angles in a unit circle and that of a triangle forms the stepping stone of trigonometry. The construction of angles and lines is an intricate component of geometry. The pairs of angles can be supplementary or complementary. The angles can be an acute, obtuse, right angle, straight angle, or obtuse angle. When two straight lines or rays intersect at a point, they form an angle. It is easy to differentiate a line, line segment, and ray. A line is a uni-dimensional unit that refers to a set of points that extends in two opposite directions and the line is said to be the intersection of two planes. Points lying on the same line are the collinear points. A point is the no-dimensional basic unit of geometry. The basic components of planes in geometry are analogous to points, lines, and angles. Planes are used in every area of geometry and graph theory. A two-dimensional surface extending infinitely in both directions forms the plane.
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